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Benefits of reading newspapers Essay UIUC Physics 436 EM Fields Sources II Fall Semester, 2011 Supplemental Handout Prof. Steven Errede American Wire Gauge (AWG) Metric Gauge Wire Sizes AWG Wire Sizes (see table below) AWG: In the American Wire Gauge (AWG), diameters can be calculated by applying the formula: D(AWG) = 0.005 * 92 ((36-AWG)/39) inch. For the 00, 000, 0000 etc. gauges you use -1, -2, -3, which makes more sense mathematically than â€Å"double nought.† This means that in American Wire Gauge every 6 gauge decrease gives a doubling of the wire diameter, and every 3 gauge decrease doubles the wire cross sectional area – just like calculating dB’s in signal levels. Metric Wire Gauges (see table below) Metric Gauge: In the Metric Gauge scale, the gauge is 10 times the diameter in millimeters, thus a 50 gauge metric wire would be 5 mm in diameter. Note that in AWG the diameter goes up as the gauge goes down. Metric is the opposite. Probably because of this confusion, most of the time metric sized wire is specified in millimeters rather than metric gauges. Load Carrying Capacities (see table below) The following chart is a guideline of â€Å"ampacity†, or copper wire current-carrying capacity following the Handbook of Electronic Tables and Formulas for American Wire Gauge. As you might guess, the rated â€Å"ampacities† are just a rule of thumb. In careful engineering the insulation temperature limit, thickness, thermal conductivity, and air convection and temperature should all be taken into account. The Maximum Amps for Power Transmission uses the 700 circular mils per amp rule, which is very conservative. The Maximum Amps for Chassis Wiring is also a conservative rating, but is meant for wiring in air, and not in a bundle. For short lengths of wire, such as is used in battery packs, you should trade off the resistance and load with size, weight, and flexibility.  © Professor Steven Errede, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 2005-2008. All Rights Reserved. 1 UIUC Physics 436 EM Fields Sources II Fall Semester, 2011 Supplemental Handout Prof. Steven Errede AWG Gauge Diameter (Inches) Diameter (mm) Ohms per 1000†² (@ T=20oC) Ohms per km (@ T=20oC) Max amps for chassis wiring Max amps for power X-mission 0000 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Metric 2.0 33 Metric 1.8 34 Metric 1.6 35 Metric 1.4 36 Metric 1.25 37 Metric 1.12 38 Metric 1 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 0.4600 0.4096 0.3648 0.3249 0.2893 0.2576 0.2294 0.2043 0.1819 0.1620 0.1443 0.1285 0.1144 0.1019 0.0907 0.0808 0.0720 0.0641 0.0571 0.0508 0.0453 0.0403 0.0359 0.0320 0.0285 0.0254 0.0226 0.0201 0.0179 0.0159 0.0142 0.0126 0.0113 0.0100 0.0089 0.0080 0.00787 0.00710 0.00709 0.00630 0.00630 0.00560 0.00551 0.00500 0.00492 0.00450 0.00441 0.00400 0.00394 0.00350 0.00310 0.00280 0.00250 0.00220 0.00200 0.00176 0.00157 0.00140 11.6840 10.40384 9.26592 8.25246 7.34822 6.54304 5.82676 5.18922 4.62026 4.11480 3.66522 3.26390 2.90576 2.58826 2.30378 2.05232 1.82880 1.62814 1.45034 1.29032 1.15062 1.02362 0.91186 0.81280 0.72390 0.64516 0.57404 0.51054 0.45466 0.40386 0.36068 0.32004 0.28702 0.254 0.22606 0.2032 0.200 0.18034 0.18000 0.16002 0.16002 0.14224 0.14000 0.12700 0.12500 0.11430 0.11200 0.10160 0.10000 0.08890 0.07874 0.07112 0.06350 0.05588 0.05080 0.04470 0.03988 0.03556 0.0490 0.0618 0.0779 0.0983 0.1239 0.1563 0.1970 0.2485 0.3133 0.3951 0.4982 0.6282 0.7921 0.9989 1.2600 1.5880 2.0030 2.5250 3.1840 4.0160 5.0640 6.3850 8.0510 10.150 12.800 16.140 20.36 25.67 32.37 40.81 51.47 64.9 81.83 103.2 130.1 164.1 169.4 206.9 207.5 260.9 260.9 329.0 339.0 414.8 428.2 523.1 533.8 659.6 670.2 831.8 1049 1323 1659 2143 2593 3348 4207 5291 0.160720 0.202704 0.255512 0.322424 0.406392 0.512664 0.646160 0.815080 1.027624 1.295928 1.634096 2.060496 2.598088 3.276392 4.132800 5.208640 6.569840 8.282000 10.44352 13.17248 16.60992 20.94280 26.40728 33.29200 41.98400 52.93920 66.78080 84.19760 106.1736 133.8568 168.8216 212.8720 268.4024 338.4960 426.7280 538.2480 555.6100 678.6320 680.5500 855.7520 855.7520 1079.120 1114 1360 1404 1715 1750 2163 2198 2728 3442 4341 5443 7031 8507 10984 13802 17359 380 328 283 245 211 181 158 135 118 101 89 73 64 55 47 41 35 32 28 22 19 16 14 11 9 7 4.7 3.5 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.2 0.86 0.700 0.530 0.510 0.430 0.430 0.330 0.330 0.270 0.260 0.210 0.200 0.170 0.163 0.130 0.126 0.110 0.090 302 239 190 150 119 94 75 60 47 37 30 24 19 15 12 9.3 7.4 5.9 4.7 3.7 2.9 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.92 0.729 0.577 0.457 0.361 0.288 0.226 0.182 0.142 0.1130 0.0910 0.0880 0.0720 0.0720 0.0560 0.0560 0.0440 0.0430 0.0350 0.0340 0.0289 0.0277 0.0228 0.0225 0.0175 0.0137 2  © Professor Steven Errede, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 2005-2008. All Rights Reserved. UIUC Physics 436 EM Fields Sources II Fall Semester, 2011 Supplemental Handout Prof. Steven Errede  © Professor Steven Errede, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 2005-2008. All Rights Reserved. 3